Grandma Indigo
白族扎染匠人
Based in 云南大理
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蓝染阿婆,本名杨秀兰,白族,1960 年前后出生在云南大理喜洲镇周城村——一座苍山脚下、洱海之滨的白族古村。周城自古是「扎染之乡」,几乎家家有染缸,户户会扎花。她的外婆和母亲都是村里数得着的扎染能手,从 8 岁起,她就跟着母亲在院子里挑板蓝根、纺白棉布,用细麻绳给布扎出蝴蝶与山茶花的纹样。 十四五岁那年,她在「三月街」上第一次看见外乡人买走母亲亲手染的蓝花布,才懂得这一缸靛蓝既值钱、也传情。此后几十年,她守着家里三口木染缸,清晨上山采板蓝根嫩叶,夜里借着灯扎花。九十年代,化学染料和机器印花布大量涌入,便宜又鲜艳,村里不少人家拆了染缸外出打工,手工扎染一度无人问津。阿婆没有走,她说:「板蓝根染出来的蓝,是活着的蓝,机器印不出来。」 转机出现在 2006 年,白族扎染技艺被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录,周城的染坊重新热闹起来,游客从四方涌来。她重新点起染缸,教村里的年轻媳妇扎花、认靛、看火候。三年前,在外学设计的孙女回到周城,说要给外婆的手艺拍成视频发到网上。阿婆起初不懂什么叫「粉丝」,只当给自家染缸留个念想,没想到那些慢吞吞挑板蓝根、发酵、扎花、浸染、拆线的画面,让几百万城里人看入了神。 如今,她依然天不亮就起身搅动染缸,把每一块布都当作给孙辈做嫁衣那样认真。她说:「一块布要扎多少下、染几遍,都有数;日子也一样,急不得。」
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